Umbrella



2 Sheet's- Sheet 1.

(No-Model.)

Patented Deo. 21, 1897.

J. SAURER.`

UMBRELLA INVENTOR; aim AW 2 SheetsfSheet 2 J- SAURER. I

(No Model.)

UMBRELLA.

INVENTOR: 7 Aa W Patented Deo. 21, 1897.

m2 Noms PETER: co. How-mme.. wAsmNmoN. n. c

NITED STATES PATENT Fruen.

JOHN SAURER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

UMBRELLA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,892, dated December21, 1897.

Application filetl August 5 1897.

To'aZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN SAURER, a citizen of the United States, residingin the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and usef ul Improvements in Umbrellas, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates specifically to the class of urnbrellas which areadapted, to increase their portability, to fold into small compass, andit is the object of my invention to provide an unlbrella frame of suchConstruction as to be adapted to be easily folded both as to the handleand as to the individual ribs into very compact form.

In the accompanying drawings I show, and herein I describe a good formof a convenient embodiment of my invention, the particularsubject-matter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

In'the acoompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of the upper portion of theumbrella stick, the notch and its associated parts being removed forclearness of illustration.

Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the lower portion of theumbrella stick, the runner being in section.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of one of the umbrella ribs and a portionof its spreader, the intermediate portions of the sections of the ribbeing broken away to reduce the length for convenience in illustration.

Figure 4 is an inside face view of one of the umbrella ribs, portions ofeach section being removed to reduce the length of the illustration.

Figure 5 is a view in perspective of the spring 03.

Figure 6 is a view in perspective of the locking plate 02.

Figure 7 is a view in perspective of'the upper portion of one of thespreaders.

Figure 8 is a central sectional elevational view of the upper portion ofthe umbrella stick.

Figure 9 is a central sectional elevational view of an intermediateportion of the uinbrella stick.

Figure 10 is a central sectional elevational view of the lower sectionof the urnbrella stick, and a part of the intermediate section SerialNo. 647,273. (No model.)

of said stick, part of the-said lower section being removed.

Figure 1l is a view in perspective of the upper portion of the stem J,and its associated parts. i

Figure 12 is a sectional plan 12-12 of Figure 8.

Figure 13 is a sectional plan 13-13 of Figure 8.

Figure 14 is a sectional plan 14-14 of Figure 9.

Figure 15 is a sectional 15-15 of Figure9.

Figure 16 is a sectional 16-16 of Figure 9.

Figure 17 is a sectional 17-17 of Figure 9.

Figure 18 is a sectional 18-18 of Figure 10.

Figure 19 is a sectional 19-19 of Figure 10.

Figure 20 is aksectional 20-20 of Figure 10.

Figure 21 is a sectional 21-21 of Figure 10.

Figure 22 is a sectional 22-22 of Figure 10.

Figure 23 is a view in perspect-ive of the rocking catch lever.

Figure 24 is a view in. perspective of the upper portion of thetubulargstem I.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring first to the runner, spreaders, and ribs, the runner B isformed as a short tube encircling and adapted to run freely upon theumbrella handle, said runner being provided with projectin g lugsbetweenwhich is pivotally supported a rocking lever catch b' the nose b5at the lower end of which extends below the lower end of the runner andis curved inwardly so as to conveniently engage in a recess b formed inthe stick as shown in Figure 2, and the broad upper end of which forms athumb piece b4 and extends outwardly so as to be adapted to be readilyfound and pressed by the thumb of the user of the article.

b3 is a fiat spring secured to the body of the runner and operatingagainst the under face of the thumb piece, b4, so as to constantly tiltor incline the rocking lever catch upon on the line on the line on theline plan on the line plan on the line plan on the line plan on the lineplan on the line plan on the line plan on the line plan on the line IOOits pivot and press the nose b5 inward so that said nose shallautomatically engage the recess b2 in the umbrella stick whenever it isbrought into position over said recess.

A recess b2 corresponding to that shown in Figure 2 is formed in theupper end of the stick, to be engaged by the nose of the rocking levercatch when the runner is moved to its upper position in the opening orspreading of the umbrella.

The rocking lever is conveniently formed of sheet metal and its lowerend is slightly twisted or bent so as to bring the fiat metal into aposition in which its plane coincides with the aXis of the stick, sothat said lower end shall be the better adapted to resist the strain towhich it may be subjected while engaged in the recess.

The upper end of the runner is provided with the usual notches orrecesses for the reception ofthe lower ends of the spreaders, O.

The ribs are formed in three sections designated respectively D E and F,which sections are each formed of a fillet of sheet metal, the edges ofwhich are curved upwardly so that said sections are of horseshoe shapein cross section, the three sections being of successively diminishingtransverse area so as to be adapted to be nested together, the section Ewithin the section D, and the section F within the section E,-the threesections being arranged in telescopic relationship by virtue of whichthe rib as a whole may be at will drawn out to full length, or closed upso as to occupy practically the length of but a single' section.

The section D is provided as to its inner edges with the ratchetprojections d (Figure 3), and its edges at its lower end are slightly inturned to form the stop fianges d' (Figure 4).

The upper end of the section D is pivotally connected in any usualmanner with the. 4

notch G, shown in Figure S.

The section E is fitted as to its upper end Within the lower end of thesection D, and is as to its upper end provided with a pair of lugs e(Figures 3 and 4:), which project from the edges of said section abovethe stop fianges d' of the section D, so that said lugs and stop fiangesprevent the accidental withdrawal of the section E from the section D.

The upper end of the spreader C is provided with a pair of ears c',Figure 7 which engage between the lu gs e and are secured 1 so far thatit lies almost entirely within the section D, the rounded end f3 of thespring coupthereto in hinged relationship by a suitable pivot upon whichpivot is also hingedly secured a looking plate C2 (Figures 3 and 6), theupper end of which is bent to form a shoulder which engages with theratchet projection d, being held in such position by the spiral spring(;3, (Figures 3 and 5), coiled about the pivot, and bearing as to oneend against the rear face of the looking plate 02 to hold said plateconstantly in engagement with the projection tlf-the other end of thespring os passing down into the hollow interior of the spreader O.

The lower end of the section E is provided as to its edges with inturnedfianges c' (Figures 3 and 4) and the upper end of the lower section F,which is entered in the lower end of the section E, is provided withoutwardly turned fian ges f (Figures 3 and Zi) the arrangement beingsuch that said fianges act as stops to prevent the withdrawal of thesection F from the section E.

The rear or outer face of the section E is at its lower end providedwith an opening 62 (Figure 3) and the section F is at the rear face ofits upper end provided with an opening f' which registers with theopening 62 When the rib as a whole is extended.

f2 is a spring coupler, in the form of a hook, the lower end of which ispermanently attached to the section F, the shank of which extends upalong the hollow interior of the section F, and the rounded rear end f3of the head of which is forced by the resiliency of the shank throughthe openings e2f', when said openings are in registry, said springcoupler thus operating to maintain said sections temporarily in theirextended position.

To further strengthen the hold of the coupler upon the section E, thestop fianges e' of said section E are provided with recesses, in which atransverse bar f4 seated at the free end of the bill of the hook, seatsitself when the parts are in the extended position shown in Figures 3and 4:.

04 is a curved finger secured to the upper end of the spreader C, andpassing behind the pivotal connection of said spreader to the rib, saidfinger being of such form that when the ulnbrella is closed and thespreader and rib are brought into close proximity to each other, saidfin ger encounters the looking plate C2 and elevates it out of contactwith the ratchet projections d.

WVhen the umbrella has been thus closed and said looking plate thuslifted out of contact with the projection d, and it is desired toshorten or collapse the ribs, axial pressure is, for such purpose, to heapplied to the outer ends of said ribs, one at a time, in succession. V

The first effect of this will be to carry the sections E and F togetherupwardly, the section E sliding (as it is made free to do by theelevation of the. looking plate 02) along the section D.

WVhen the section E has been moved along ler f2 Will encounter the lowerend of saidsection D, and be defiected inwardly, thereby uncoupling, soto speak, the section F from the section E, so that the continuedpressure applied to the section F Will cause it to move inwardly alongthe section E with the result that When it has attained the limit of itsinward movement all three sections will exist in nested relationship.

The operation of extending the rib is simply the reverse of thatdescribed for collapsing IIO Igo

it, namely: downward traction is to be exerted upon the end of thesection F, the result of which will be that it will be brought into theposition shown in Figure 3, the looking coupler will automaticallycouple the sections E and F, and the looking plate (;2 will When theumbrella is opened, engage the ratchet teeth d, and secure the sectionsD and E in their extended position.

fx are eyes mounted upon the exteriors of the rib sections, to which thesilk or other cover of the umbrella may be temporarily or permanentlysecured in any desired manner.

The extensible stick with which my improved umbrella is equipped isformed in three sections, composite respectively of three tube sectionsA' A2 A3 of successively diminishing diameter from bottom to top, andtelescopically related so that said stick may be collapsed to bring thesections into nested relationship, with the result that said sectionswhen in such nested position will occupy a space the length of whichwill be approximately one-third the whole length of the stick whenextended.

The stick tube A' which forms the body of the upper section of theumbrella stick, carries as hereinbefore stated,the umbrella notch G(Figure 8), and is formed With a pair of oppositely disposedtransversely extending slots a', as shown in Figures 8 and 12, and Witha transversely extending Web or filling block a2 as shown in Figure 8,and the lower end of said tube section A' is provided with an internalannular key plate a3 having an approximately oval central aperture, asshown in Figures 9 and 17.V

Within the tube section A' is mounted a stem H, consisting of a pair ofparallel plates, curved in cross section, arranged in concentricrelationship, connected at their lower ends by an annular key plate h,secured to their inner opposing faces, and having an approximately ovalcentral opening, the counterpart of the openin g in the key plate ag,upon which key plate last mentioned the key plate h rests, as shown inFigures 9 and 16.

The upper end of the stem I-I is provided with a solid plug H equippedwith an axial stem h', having a bearing in the filling block az, saidplug having also radially projecting studs 71,2 which extend through theslots a', and are entered in a revoluble collar h mounted upon theexterior of the section A' at a point above the notch G.

h3 is a spiral spring coiled about the stem h', and having one endengaged in the web or filling block a2, and the other end engaged in theplug HX, which spring operates tolconstantly throw said plug and itsstem H, as far as possible to the right, (Figure 12), so that the studs722 engage against the ends of the slots a'.

The tube section A2 of the stick encompasses and snugly fits upon thetube section A', and is provided with a tubular stem I of approximatelyoval section, concentrically disposed within it, the upper end of whichtubular stem I does not reach to the top of said section A2.

The upper end of said tubular stem I extends through the apertures ofthe key plates as, h, and is, above the key h, itself provided with anoutwardly extending rigid fiange or projection, i, as shown in Figures9, ,l5, and 24, the circular edge of which flange is in close proximityto the inner faces of the curved plates H.

The tubular stem 'I is held against rotation or other movement withrespect to the section A2 being rigidly aftixed thereto at its lower endas shown in Figure 10.'

It is proper to here explain that the apertures in the key seats a3 h,and the cross section of the tubular stem I, hereinbefore re-. ferred toas oval, are not true ovals, but are of shape which may be described asof circular plan With oppositely disposed Wings or extensions.

The tubular stem I fits within the aperture of the key plate as, and isheld by its engagement in said aperture,-said aperture and stem being ofthe section described,- against rotation.

That part of the tubular stem I which exists within the aperture of thekey plate h, however, is cut away as to its Wings orlateral extensionst'x, as shown in Figure 24, so that only the central circular part ofsaid stem remains within the central circular portion of the aperture ofsaid key plate h, with the Iresult that said key plate h with the stemI-I to which it is rigidly connected, has rotation with respect to saidtubular stem I.

The stem H is normally maintained by the spring h3 in such position thatthe aperture of the key plate h is rotated to a position in which itsWings are out of registry With the Wings of the aperture of the keyplate as,- and when the parts are in such position, as is obvious, theupper ends of the Wings fix of the tubular stem I encounter the underface of 'the side or solid portions of said key plate h, and the saidkey plate h with its connected stem, is prevented from descending, as itwo uld otherwise do, with the section A',down Within the sectionA2,-While, on the other hand, the contact of the flange t' against theupper face of said key plate H prevents the sections A' A2 from beingseparated from each other.

When it is desired to cause the section A' to descend Within the sectionA2 the device h is rotated against the stress of its spring, and therebythe stem H and key plate h are rotated until the oval opening of saidkey plate h is in registry with the oval opening of the key plate ag,and the Wings or lateral extensions of said openings in registry withthe Wings ix of said tubular stem. When the parts have been brought tothis position, the section A' may be forced down within the section A2,the key plates a3 and h, both traveling down upon the exterior of thetubular IOO IIO

stem I, between which'tubular stem and the outside wall of the sectionA2 descend the bodies of the stem H and section A'.

VVhen after being closed it is desired to extend the stick and use theumbrella, the spring 71,3 will act, as soon as the parts reach theposition shown in Fig. 9, to throw the key plate h with the Wings of itsopenings out of registry with the Wings of the opening of the key plateas and thus lock the parts in position. The section A3 is provided witha solid central stem J, of circular section, the upper end of whichreaches nearly to the upper end of said section, and is entered in thebore of the tubular stem I and provided with studs j which take into theWings of said stem.

The sides of the lower ends of the two win gs t'x are cut away as shown,as is also the wall of the lower end of the tubular stem, to form a pairof slots 70, Figure 11, so that traction may be exerted upon said stem Jto draw it down so far, in the opening or extending of the stick, thatits studs emerge through the open lower ends of the Wings 71x, whereuponrotation imparted to said stem J will carry said studs into registrywith said slots into which they will be carried, to lock the stick inextended position, by a spring k', bearing against a projection j' ofsaid stem J and the partially closed lower end of the section A3.

The lower end of the stem J protrudes through the lower end of thesection A3 and is beyond said end, equipped with a thimble L whichencompasses the end of said section A3 and may' be of any desiredfanciful configuration.

Arms J X rigidly secured to the stem J protrude through L-shaped slots Min opposite sides of the section A3 and are attached rigidly to sa'idthimble L with the result that movement imparted to said thimble will betransmitted to said stem.

The umbrella stick being supposed extended as shown in Figures 8, 9, and10, when it is desired to shorten the same the section A' is forced downwithin the section A2 in the manner hereinbefore at large explained.

To force the section A2 (containin g the section A') down within thesection A3 the thimble L is grasped and drawn outward carrying with itof course the stem J until the arms J X reach the lower end of theL-shaped slots M.

VVhen said arms have reached this point the studs j have been carriedout of the slots k, whereupon rotation imparted to said thimble untilthe ends of the` lower branches of the L-shaped slots are encountered bythe arms J X, will carry the studs j into the wings or lateralextensions 'ix of the tubular stem I.

Thereupon said section A2 may be foreed down within the section A3 saidWings or lateral extensions 11x slidingdown past said studs j.

The operation of withdraw'ing the section A2 from the section A3 isreverse of the operation just described.

From a consideration of the Construction shown and described it ismanifest that the device hx and the device L are to be rotated inopposite directions in the shortening of the umbrella stick, and it willbe understood that the user is supposed to grasp said device hx in onehand and the device L in the other hand and to contemporaneously rotatethem in opposite directions and thereupon immediately force the ends ofthe extended stick toward each other.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent-f 1. In a folding umbrella, in combination with acollapsible stick, a series of ribs pivotally connected thereto, each ofsaid ribs being formed of three sections assembled in telescopicrelationship, spreaders extending from said stick to said ribs, devicesdisposed in connection with the joints between the first and secondsections of the ribs and operative in connection with devices carried bythe spreaders to lock said first and second sections of the ribs inextended position when the umbrella is open, and devices disposed inconnection with the joints between the second and third sections of theribs which automatically lock said sections, when extended, in theirextended positions, the arrangement of the parts being such that whenthe ribs are lowered pressure applied to their outer ends causes, first,the second sections to slide within the first sections, and, second, thetripping and release of the looking devices at the joints between thesecond and third sections to enable the third sections to be forcedwithin the second sections, substantially as set forth.

2. In a folding umbrella, a rib having two sections composed of sheetmetal of U -shaped section, and telescopically related, the uppermost ofwhich is pivotally secured to the notch of the umbrella, a stop fiange,formed on the lower end of said section, a projecting lug formed on thesecond section above said stop fiange, a spreader pivotally connected tosaid projection, a ratchet tooth formed on the uppermost of saidsections, a locking plate carried by the spreader and adapted to engagesaid tooth, a spring which constantly forces said looking plate againstsaid tooth7 a finger mounted upon the upper end of said spreader andadapted when the umbrella is closed to encounter said looking plate andelevate it out of contact with the tooth, substantially as set forth.

3. An umbrella stick com posed of a series of sections assembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided with aninternal rotatable stem, and a second section being provided with aninternal fixed stem of non-circular cross section, a keyplate mounted onthe lower end of the stem of the upper section, said key-plate having anaperture corresponding to the cross section of the tubular stem of thesecond section, substantially as set forth.

IOO

IIO

4. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections assembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided. with aninternal rotatable stem, and a second section being provided with aninternal fixed stem of non-circular cross-section as to its body, but ofcircular section in the vicinity of its upper end, and a key-platemounted on the lower end of the stem of the upper section, saidkey-plate having an aperture corresponding to the cross-section of thetubular stem of the second section, and being seated upon the circularportion of the tubular stem -of the second section, substantially as setforth. V

5. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections rassembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided with aninternal rotatable stem, and a second section being provided with aninternal fixed stemof non-circular cross-section as to its body, but ofcircular section in the vicinity of its upper end, a key plate mountedon the lower end of the stem of the upper section, said key plate havingan aperture corresponding to the cross-section of the tubular stem ofthe second section, and being seated upon the circular portion of thetubular stem of the second section, and a spring which normallymaintains the stem of the upper section in a position in which theaperture of its key-plate is rotated out of registry with thenon-circular body of the stem of the second section, substantially asset forth.

6. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections assembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided with aninternal rotatable stem, and a second section being provided with aninternal fixed stem of non-circular cross-section as to its body, but ofcircular section in the vicinity of its upper end, and a key platemounted on the lower end of the stem of the upper section, saidkey-plate having an aperture corresponding to the cross-section of thetubular stem of the second section, and being seated upon the circularportion of the tubular stem of the second section, a spring whichnormally maintains the stem of the upper section in a position in whichthe aperture of its key-plate is rotated out of registry with thenon-circular body of the stem of the second section, a rotatable devicemounted upon the exterior of said upper section, a slot formed in thewall of said upper section, and a stud passing through said slot, andconnecting said rotatable device With said internal rotatable stem,substantially as set forth.

7. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections assembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided at its lowerend with an internal key-plate, a rotatable stem mounted in said uppersection, and provided at its lower end with a key-plate resting upon thekey-plate first mentioned, non-circular apertures formed in saidkeyplates, a tubular non-circular stem mounted in the second section andextending as to its upper end through the apertures of said keyplatesabove which it is provided with a fiange, that portion of said stemwhich exists within the key-plate of the stem of the upper section beingso formed as to be of circular cross-section, the cross-section of thenon-circular body of the tubular stem of the second section and thenon-circular apertures in the key-plates being all of the same Outline,substantially as set forth.

8. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections assembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided at its lowerend with an inturned key-plate, a rotatable stem mounted in said uppersection, and provided at its lower end with a keyplate resting upon thekey-plate first nientioned, non circular apertures formed in saidkey-plates, a tubular non-circular stem mounted in the second sectionand extending as to its upper end through the apertures of saidkeyplates above which it is provided with a fiange, that portion of saidstem which exists within the key-plate of the stem of the upper sectionbeing so formed as to be of circular cross-section, the cross-section ofthe non-circular body of the tubular stem of the second section and thenon-circular-apertures in the key-plates being all of the same outline,a spring which normally maintains the stem of the upper section in aposition in which the aperture of its key-plate is out of registry Withthe aperture of the key-plate of the upper section, substantially as setforth.

9. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections assembled intelescopic relationship, the upper section being provided at its lowerend with an inturned key-plate, a rotatable stem mounted in said uppersection, and provided at its lower endwith a keyplate resting upon thekey-plate first mentioned, non circular apertures formed in saidkey-plates, a tubular non-circular stem mounted in the second sectionand extending as to its upper end through the apertures of saidkey-plates above which it is provided With a fiange, that portion ofsaid stem which exists within the key-plate of the stem of the uppersection being so formed as to be of circular cross-section, thecross-section of the non-circular body of the tubular stem of the secondsection and the non-circular apertures in the key-plates being all ofthe same outline, a spring which normally maintains the stem of theupper section in a position in which the aperture of its key-plate isout of registry with the aperture of the key-plate of the upper section,and a manually operated device mounted upon the exterior of said uppersection and connected to the internal stem of said upper section, bywhich rotation may be imparted to the stem of said upper section againstthe str'ess of its spring, substantially as set forth.

10. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections, assembled intelescopic relation- IOO IIO

ship, the lower-most section being provided With a central stem havingprojecting lugs, a second section which is adapted to slide Within saidlower-most section, being formed as a double Walled structure the innerwall of which constitutes a tubular stem having Wings, the stem of thelower-most section being adapted to fit Within the body and its studs tofit Within the Wings, of said tubular stem, substantially as set forth.

ll. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections, assembled intelescopic relationship, the loWer-most section being provided with acentral stem having project-ing lugs, a second section which is adaptedto slide Within said lower-most section, said second section beingformed as a double Walled structure the inner Wall of which constitutesa tubular stem having Wings, the stem of the lower-most section beingadapted to fit Within the body and its studs to fit Within the Wings, ofsaid tubular stem, the lower end of said tubular stem having openin gsthrough the lower ends of the Wings, and slots in its side body,substantially as set forth.

12. An umbrella stick composed of a series of sections, assembled intelescopic relationship, the lower-most section being provided with acentral stem having projecting lugs, a second section which is adaptedto slide within said lower-most section, said second section beingformed as a double Walled structure the inner wall of which constitutesa tubular stem having Wings, the stem of the .lower-most section beingadapted to fit Within the body and its studs to fit within the Wings ofsaid tubular stem, the lower end of said tubular stem having openingsand slots as described, the stem of the lower-most section being adaptedfor sli ght longitudinal and rotary motion independent of saidlower-most section, so that it may be drawn doWn to carry its studs outof the Wings of the tubular stem, and turned to carry them intoengagement With the slots, substantially as set forth.

13. In combination, in an umbrella stick composed of a series ofsections arranged in telescopic relationship, a lower-most sectionhaving a stem provided With studs, a second section adapted to slideWithin said lowermost section, and provided With a tubular stemembodying Wings and slots, the stem of the lower-m ost section protruding through the ends of said section'and being equipped with amanipulating4 thimble, substantially as set forth.

14. In combination, in an umbrella stick composed of a series ofsections arranged in telescopic relationship, a lower-most sectionhaving a stem provided with studs, a second section adapted to slideWithin said lowermost section, and provided With a tubular stemeinbodying Wings and slots, the stem of the lower-most sectionprotruding'through the end of said section and being equipped With amanipulating thimble, a stop mounted on said stem, and a springinterposed between said stop, and the lower end portion of saidlower-most section, substantially as set forth.

15. In combination, in an umbrella stick composed of a series ofsections arranged in telescopio relationship, a lower-most sectionhaving a stem provided With studs, a second section adapted to slideWithin said lowermost section, and provided With a tubular stemembodying Wings and slots, the stem of the lower-most section protrudingthrough the end of said section and being equipped With a manipulatingthimble, a stop mounted on said stem, and a spring interposed betweensaid stop and a lower end portion of said lower-most section, anL-shaped slot formed in the wall of the lower-most section, and an armpassing through said slot, and connecting said stem to said manipulatingthimble, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereuntosigned my name this 21st day of July, A. D. 1897.

JOIIN SAURER.

In presence of- F. NORMAN DIXoN, L. P. YERKEs.

